What type of search requires special legal justification and can only be conducted by medical personnel?

The type of search that requires special legal justification and can only be conducted by medical personnel is a body cavity search. This search involves the examination of body cavities, which raises significant legal and ethical concerns due to the invasive nature of the procedure. Because of its intrusive characteristics, performing a body cavity search typically necessitates a higher level of legal justification than other types of searches. This often includes a warrant or specific legal exceptions and must be carried out by qualified medical professionals to ensure the physical safety and dignity of the individual being searched.

While other searches like pat-downs, strip searches, or searches of personal belongings can be conducted by law enforcement personnel under less stringent criteria and do not require medical involvement, a body cavity search is distinct in its legal and procedural context, further emphasizing the importance of the protections afforded individuals during such searches.