What does the action of judicial review involve?

Judicial review refers to the process by which courts evaluate the constitutionality of actions taken by the legislative and executive branches of government, as well as lower courts. This action ensures that laws and public policies comply with the Constitution. When a legal case arises where the constitutionality of a law or an action is in question, the judiciary has the authority to review that action and determine whether it aligns with constitutional principles.

The significance of judicial review lies in its role as a check and balance on governmental power, protecting individual rights and reinforcing the rule of law. This authority is rooted in landmark cases, such as Marbury v. Madison, which established the judiciary's role in interpreting the Constitution.

In contrast, evaluating local government actions or budgets does not encompass a broader examination of constitutional validity, nor does it align with judicial review’s focus on fundamental rights and legal principles.